Automation – Definition

Automation is a term for technology requests where human input minimize. This includes business process automation (BPA), I.T. automation, personal applications such as home automation, etc., application of machines to tasks performed by human beings or, increasingly, to studies that would otherwise be impossible. Although mechanization refers to the simple replacement of human labour with machines, automation generally implies the integration of devices into an autonomous system. Automation has transformed those areas in which it introduces, and there is scarcely an aspect of modern life that has been unaffected by it.

Automation was thought up in the automobile industry in 1946 to describe the increased use of automatic devices and controls in mechanized production lines. The origin of the word to D.S. More complex, an engineering manager at the Ford Motor Company. The Term is used extensively in a manufacturing context, but it applies outside manufacturing in connection with a variety of systems in which there is a significant substitution of mechanical, electrical, or computerized action for human effort and intelligent

Machines Performed by Automation

A request of machines for tasks once performed by human beings or, evermore, to jobs that would otherwise be impossible. Although mechanization refers to the simple replacement of human labour with machines, automation generally implies the integration of devices into a self-governing system. Automation has revolutionized those areas introduced, and there is scarcely an aspect of modern life that has been unaffected by it.

Automation creates in the automobile industry in 1946 to describe the increased use of automatic devices and controls in mechanized production lines. The origin of the word attribute D.S. More complex, an engineering manager at the Ford Motor Company. Time use widely in a manufacturing context. Still, it appl outside manufacturing in connection with various systems in which there is a significant substitution of mechanical, electrical, or computerized action for human effort and intelligence.

Principles and Theory of Automation

The developments described above have provided the three primary buildings—wedges of automation a power source to perform some action: feedback controls and machine software design. Almost without exception, an automated system will show all these basics.

Power source

An automated system to accomplish some good action that requires power. Many power sources are available, but the most common use of power in today’s automates systems is electricity. Electrical power is the most multipurpose because it generates from other sources and converts into different types of ability to perform valuable work. In addition, electrical energy is in high-performance, long-life batteries.

Types of Automation System

Fixed Automation

Automated conveyor belts perform fixed and repetitive operations to achieve high production volumes like all other fixed system equipment. Also referred to as complex fixed automation systems carry out a single set of tasks without deviation. An example of a fixed-gear is an automat conveyer belt system designed to increase efficiency by moving objects from point A to B without minimal effort. Because of its function, this type of system would classically use user discrete mass production and continuous flow systems.

Manufacturing processes well-matched with this system would be:

Repetitive manufacturing  lets for variations within the manufacturing process, although limited

Accepting a fixed automation system such as automated conveyor belts and value-added solutions meant to cut both time and labour costs in their installation eases off competitive pressure for your business, increases your profit margin and keeps you one step ahead of the competition. A value-added solution would be using rushed wire for automatic conveyor systems. This cuts down installation time and lowers labour costs, and keeps employees safe from injuries associated with pulling wire during installation.

Programmable Automation

As the name suggests, programmable automation runs through commands delivered by a computer program. This means that the follow-on processes can vary widely with codes’ changing instructions given to the computer. However, as the hard programming work is non-trivial, the methods hence the tasks, do not change much. This type of automation is joint in mass-making locations that produce similar products that utilize the same steps and tools as daily mills or steel rolling mills.

Trade processes well-matched with this system would be:

Boring manufacturing whereby the same product produces over a long period and in large batches. These types of equipment can keep carried with minimal human direction. They use in automobile and machinery manufacturing. The initial setup of programmable automation equipment may require a high cost. Still, because the processes are continuous and relatively unchanging, they tend to be less expensive in the long run.

 Flexible Automation

This type of automation is shown as soft automation. This utilisation in computer-controlled flexible manufacturing systems allows for more flexible making. Every piece of equipment receives instructions from a human-operated computer which income that the tasks can vary extensively with changing code brought to the computer. This type of automation using in lot processes and job shops with high product varieties and low-to-medium job volume, such as the textile trade.

Manufacturing Processes Compatible with this Scheme Would Be:

Discrete manufacturing allows for variations within the manufacturing process, although limited. Job shop manufacturing occurs within set production areas and is more labour-intensive than other manufacturing firms. An example would be the creation of custom apparatus.

Batch procedure manufacturing whereby raw materials move through the production line in batches. There is a pause between each stage as a collection moves through Continuous process manufacturing which offers dependable processing as the manufacturing process from start to end does not change. This type of manufacturing uses food and beverage manufacturing and oil and gas manufacturing.

Integrated Automation

Integrated automation involves the total automation of industrial plants as it handles by computers and control processes with minimal human involvement. Computers can design the needed parts, test the designs, and fabricate the parts. Combined automation, like flexible automation, is compatible with both batch process manufacturing and continuous process manufacturing.

The knowledge that uses this type of automation include:

  • Computer-aided process planning
  • Computer-supported design and trade
  • Processor geometric control machine tools
  • Computerized production and preparation control
  • Reflex storage and recovery systems
  • Flexible machine systems
  • Automated material handling systems, e.g., robots
  • Motorized conveyor belts and cranes

Examples of Automation

Automatic is a technique to shape a scheme that can work independently with little or no human help. The main objective of robotics is to cut hominid efforts. When you enter a dark room, the first thing you do is turn on the lights. Now, imagine that the lights automatically turn on when you enter the same room. Most of you will find another scenario more suitable and helpful because it saves your efforts and time. Minimizing physical work is the last motive behind developing mechanical gadgets. The discovery of fire, the invention of controls, etc., are examples that justify bringing comfort to routine life has always been our prime concern. Automatically working uses minimize manual efforts, reduce the possibility of human errors, and are energy efficient.

Conclusion

Automation, a Term coined about 1946 by a Ford Motor Co. engineer, describes various systems. In overall usage, automation is a technology concerned with performing a process using programmed commands combined with automatic feedback control to ensure proper execution of the instructions. The resulting system is capable of working without human intervention. There is a critical substitution of mechanical, electrical, or electronic action for human effort and also intelligence.

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